Physical Activities Have a Positive Effect on Human Health

STYLE abychom se dožili vyššího věku. A pak je tady armáda učitelů (například tělesné výchovy), vychovatelů, trenérů, instruktorů, kinantropologů, psychologů, novinářů a dalších profesionálů, kteří jednak využívají výzkumnou evidenci k doporučení, jak se máme chovat, a také dělají PR zdravému životnímu stylu. Jsem přesvědčen, že pokud zdravotní pojišťovny budou investovat do systému kinantropologické péče, která bude provázána se systémem základních, středních a vysokých škol a obvodních lékařů, pak dojde k masivnímu snížení výdajů na zdravotnictví a zvýší se zásadně věk dožití ve zdraví v České republice. Vždyť pravidelná pohybová aktivita se ve výzkumných studiích posledních let jednoznačně ukazuje jako jeden z nejdůležitějších faktorů, který pozitivně ovlivňuje zdraví lidí a jejich věk dožití. Otázkou však zůstává, zda může být pohybová aktivita protektivním faktorem proti riziku onemocnění či úmrtí v důsledku znečistěného ovzduší, nebo zda riziko onemocnění naopak zvyšuje. Program 4 v rámci projektu HAIE se na tuto otázku pokouší dát srozumitelnou odpověď. Děkujeme Vám za rozhovor. Physical Activities Have a Positive Effect on Human Health Healthy Ageing in an Industrial Environment (HAIE) is a large research project focused on the impact of air pollution on human health, headed by Radim Šram from the Medical Faculty of the University of Ostrava and Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, both of which cooperate with the University of Ostrava. This is an interview with Daniel Jandačka, Leader of Program 4 of the HAIE Project. Mr Jandačka, the University of Ostrava is the principle investigator in the HAIE Project. Please, introduce its significance to our readers. Our Human Motion Diagnostic Centre at the Department of Human Movement Studies, Faculty of Education at the University of Ostrava, is responsible for Program 4 of the HAIE Project (www.4haie.cz). This research programme investigates the impact of different levels of physical activities in a polluted environment on human health, psychological well being, and quality of life. The study contains four elementary groups of the population: physically active runners from the Moravian-Silesian Region who hold to recommendations on physical activity issued by the WHO; physically inactive individuals from the MoravianSilesian Region; physically active runners from the South Bohemian Region who hold to recommendations on physical activities issued by the WHO; and physically inactive individuals from the South Bohemian Region. Results of the 4HAIE study will suggest the right behaviour to physically active people if they live in the Moravian-Silesian Region, and what they may recommend to their loved ones (seniors and children). Results of the study can also seriously contribute to strategic decisions by the government of the region in health issues for the local population. The City Council of Ostrava based their strategy on three crucial topics for further development: Human Value, Metropolis of the Region, and Healthy Metropolis. The HAIE Project is therefore one of the principal pillars of a relatively well-defined strategy of the City of Ostrava. It is financed through the Ministry of Education and Sports of the Czech Republic and the European Union’s project Healthy Ageing in Industrial Environment HAIE, registered number CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000798. Is the quality of life in our industrial region different from other regions? The life expectancy in the MoravianSilesian Region is shorter and the quality of life for seniors is worse compared to the average health of the rest of the Czech Republic, according to the data we have. I believe that universities may help the Moravian-Silesian Region change the situation. The beginning and implementation of any change, however, always brings discussions of scientists, journalists, politicians, and their electors. We need high-quality data and analyses in such discussions which the HAIE Project will hopefully provide. Plus, we are building a modern center for sports, health and technology at the University of Ostrava with significant contributions from the Council of Ostrava and Government of the Moravian-Silesian Region. Your project focuses on the health of the population and the significance of sports, but the population is ageing: is there a healthy way to grow old? “Healthy ageing” is not a cliché. The age of the population is increasing generally and, mostly thanks to scientific records which help us understand what behaviour is optimal, we do live longer. Then there is an army of teachers (including PE teachers), educators, coaches, instructors, kinanthropologists, psychologists, journalists, and other professionals using the scientific records to recommend the most beneficial behaviour and to promote a healthy lifestyle. I am convinced that if health insurance companies invested in a system of kinanthropologic care connected to a network of elementary, secondary and tertiary education and physicians, we might expect a radical decrease of costs in health care institutions and an increase in life expectancy in the Czech Republic. Recent research studies clearly show that regular physical activity is a critical factor positively influencing human health and life expectancy. The question is whether physical activity may work in the prevention of diseases or death resulting from air pollution, or whether it increases the risk of acquiring such a disease. Program 4 of the HAIE Project is intended to give us a clear answer. Thank you for the interview. POSITIV 2/2020 ǀ 91